1. CLIMATE
What is the climate? The climate is the weather in a specific area, over a long period of time and depends on the temperature and precipitation.
a) Factors that affect climate
- Distance from the Equator: The Sun´s rays hit the area near to the Equator directly and makes it hotter there. As we move north or south, temperatures decrease. This give us three climatic zones:
o A hot zone.
o Two temperate zones.
o Two cold zones.
- Altitude and proximity to the sea: coastal areas have milder temperatures than inland areas.
b) The climates on Earth
Hot climates:
- Equatorial climate: very hot and rains a lot.
- Tropical climate: rains during one season.
- Desert climate: little precipitation.
Temperate climates:
- Mediterranean climate: little rain and high temperatures in summer.
- Oceanic climate: abundant rain and mild temperatures.
- Continental climate: cold winters and warm and rainy summers.
Cold climates:
- Polar climate: precipitation is mainly snow.
- Mountain climate: frequent precipitation.
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